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Marine mammals and low-frequency sound : progress since 1994 / Committee to Review Results of ATOC's Marine Mammal Research Program, Ocean Studies Board, Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources, National Research Council.

Contributor(s): Material type: TextTextPublisher: Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press, [2000]Description: 1 online resource (1 PDF file (x, 146 pages)) : illustrationsContent type:
  • text
Media type:
  • computer
Carrier type:
  • online resource
ISBN:
  • 9780309515337
  • 0309515335
  • 058527987X
  • 9780585279879
Subject(s): Additional physical formats: Print version:: Marine mammals and low-frequency sound.DDC classification:
  • 599
LOC classification:
  • QL713.2 .M352 2000eb
NLM classification:
  • QL 713.2
Online resources:
Contents:
Front Matter -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- Introduction -- Evaluation of the Marine Mammal Research Program -- Assessment of Continuing Research Needs -- Regulatory Issues -- Findings and Recommendations -- References -- A Committee Biographies -- B Summary from NRC (1994) -- C Relevant U.S. Legislation and Regulations for Marine Mammals C -- D OSHA Regulations -- E Glossary of Acronyms -- F Species Mentioned in This Report F
Abstract: Sound has become a major tool for studying the ocean. Although the ocean is relatively opaque to light, it is relatively transparent to sound. Sound having frequencies below 1,000 Hertz (Hz) is often defined as low-frequency sound. The speed of sound is proportional to the temperature of the water through which it passes. Therefore, sound speed can be used to infer the average temperature of the water volume through which sound waves have passed. The relationship between water temperature and the speed of sound is the basis for the Acoustic Thermometry of Ocean Climate (ATOC) experiment. The ATOC experiment is designed to monitor the travel time of sound between sources off the coasts of Hawaii and California and several receivers around the Pacific Ocean in order to detect trends in ocean temperature and for other research and monitoring purposes. Some whales, seals, and fish use low-frequency sound to communicate and to sense their environments. For example, baleen whales and some toothed whales are known to use and respond to low-frequency sound emitted by other individuals of their species. Sharks are not known to produce low-frequency sound but are attracted to pulsed low-frequency sounds. Therefore, it is possible that human-generated low-frequency sound could interfere with the natural behavior of whales, sharks, and some other marine animals. Marine Mammals and Low-Frequency Sound is an updated review of the National Research Council 1994 report Low-Frequency Sound and Marine Mammals: Current Knowledge and Research Needs, based on data obtained from the MMRP and results of any other relevant research, including ONR's research program in low-frequency sound and marine mammals. This report compares new data with the research needs specified in the 1994 NRC report, focusing on the strengths and weaknesses of the data for answering important outstanding questions about marine mammal responses to low-frequency sound and identifies areas where gaps in our knowledge continue to exist.
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Title from PDF title page.

Includes bibliographical references.

Sound has become a major tool for studying the ocean. Although the ocean is relatively opaque to light, it is relatively transparent to sound. Sound having frequencies below 1,000 Hertz (Hz) is often defined as low-frequency sound. The speed of sound is proportional to the temperature of the water through which it passes. Therefore, sound speed can be used to infer the average temperature of the water volume through which sound waves have passed. The relationship between water temperature and the speed of sound is the basis for the Acoustic Thermometry of Ocean Climate (ATOC) experiment. The ATOC experiment is designed to monitor the travel time of sound between sources off the coasts of Hawaii and California and several receivers around the Pacific Ocean in order to detect trends in ocean temperature and for other research and monitoring purposes. Some whales, seals, and fish use low-frequency sound to communicate and to sense their environments. For example, baleen whales and some toothed whales are known to use and respond to low-frequency sound emitted by other individuals of their species. Sharks are not known to produce low-frequency sound but are attracted to pulsed low-frequency sounds. Therefore, it is possible that human-generated low-frequency sound could interfere with the natural behavior of whales, sharks, and some other marine animals. Marine Mammals and Low-Frequency Sound is an updated review of the National Research Council 1994 report Low-Frequency Sound and Marine Mammals: Current Knowledge and Research Needs, based on data obtained from the MMRP and results of any other relevant research, including ONR's research program in low-frequency sound and marine mammals. This report compares new data with the research needs specified in the 1994 NRC report, focusing on the strengths and weaknesses of the data for answering important outstanding questions about marine mammal responses to low-frequency sound and identifies areas where gaps in our knowledge continue to exist.

Version viewed November 25, 2014.

Front Matter -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- Introduction -- Evaluation of the Marine Mammal Research Program -- Assessment of Continuing Research Needs -- Regulatory Issues -- Findings and Recommendations -- References -- A Committee Biographies -- B Summary from NRC (1994) -- C Relevant U.S. Legislation and Regulations for Marine Mammals C -- D OSHA Regulations -- E Glossary of Acronyms -- F Species Mentioned in This Report F

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